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Abstract: Fire insulation is required of the train tunnels of the Marmaray Project against the load of 100 MW hydrocarbon fire for a minimum duration of 4 hours. The purpose is to limit the structural damage, i.e. without a collapse and/or catastrophic flooding of the tunnels, under the specified fire load that the passengers can safely be evacuated and also the facility can...
Abstract: The Railways Bosphorus Tube Crossing-Tunnels and Stations of the Marmaray Project is an underground route of 13.6 km, consisting of twin bored tunnels for a length of 9.7 km. The so-called TBM-1 Tunnels, constituting 2.4 km of the bored tunnels, are located between Yedikule and Yenikapı sites, which is a highly overcrowded urban area of the Istanbul City. The TBM-1 Tunnels have been driven by...